加快提升危險化學品安全生產治理體系和治理能力現代化水平——應急管理部有關負責人就《關于全面加強危險化學品安全生產工作的意見》答記者問

加快提升危(wei)險(xian)化學品安全生產治(zhi)理體系和(he)治(zhi)理能力現代化水平(ping)——應急管理部有關負責人就《關于全面加強危險化學品安全生產工作的意見》答記者問

日前，中共中央(yang)辦公廳、國務院辦公廳印發了《關于全(quan)面加強危(wei)險(xian)化(hua)學品安全(quan)生產工作的意見(jian)》（以(yi)下簡稱《意見(jian)》）。記者就《意見(jian)》采訪(fang)了應急管理部有關負責人。

一、請(qing)介紹《意見(jian)》出臺的背景。

答：江蘇(su)響水(shui)天嘉宜(yi)化工有限公司(si)“3?21”特別重(zhong)大(da)爆(bao)炸事故造成重(zhong)大(da)人員傷亡(wang)和經(jing)濟損失。黨中央、國務(wu)院高(gao)度重(zhong)視(shi)，習(xi)近平總書記多次作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)重(zhong)要指(zhi)示，強(qiang)調各(ge)地和有關部門要深(shen)刻吸取教訓，加強(qiang)安全隱患排查，嚴格落(luo)實安全生產責任制，堅決防范重(zhong)特大(da)事故發生，特別指(zhi)出(chu)(chu)抓落(luo)實仍有很大(da)差距，一定要舉(ju)一反三、亡(wang)羊補牢。李克強(qiang)總理(li)主持召(zhao)開國務(wu)院常務(wu)會議(yi)作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)部署，強(qiang)調加強(qiang)危險(xian)化學品安全工作(zuo)。劉鶴副總理(li)，王(wang)勇、趙克志國務(wu)委員也(ye)作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)批示，提出(chu)(chu)明確要求。

為認(ren)真貫徹落實黨中央、國務院領(ling)導同志重(zhong)要指示批(pi)示精(jing)神，推動加強危險化(hua)學(xue)(xue)品安全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)作，全(quan)面梳理、深(shen)入(ru)分析(xi)了近年來發生(sheng)的(de)(de)涉及危險化(hua)學(xue)(xue)品重(zhong)特大事(shi)故教訓，主要是安全(quan)與發展不平衡(heng)不充分的(de)(de)矛盾(dun)問題十分突出：我國作為世界第一化(hua)工(gong)大國，危險化(hua)學(xue)(xue)品生(sheng)產(chan)經營單位達21萬家(jia)(jia)，涉及2800多個(ge)種類，2018年產(chan)值占全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國GDP的(de)(de)13.8%，在國民(min)經濟(ji)和社會(hui)發(fa)展中(zhong)(zhong)具有重要地位，但整(zheng)體安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)條件差、管理(li)水平低、重大安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風險(xian)隱患(huan)集中(zhong)(zhong)，在危險(xian)化學品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)、貯(zhu)存、運輸、使用、廢棄處(chu)置(zhi)等環(huan)節已經形(xing)成了系統性(xing)(xing)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風險(xian)，導致重特大事故時(shi)有發(fa)生(sheng)，嚴重損害人民(min)群眾生(sheng)命財產(chan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，嚴重影響(xiang)經濟(ji)高質量(liang)發(fa)展和社會(hui)穩(wen)定(ding)。對此，堅持問題導向、目標(biao)導向和結果(guo)導向，站(zhan)在國家(jia)(jia)危險(xian)化學品(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)體系和治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)能力現代化的(de)(de)高度，深(shen)入開展調查研究，廣泛(fan)聽取基層(ceng)和化工、安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、環(huan)保(bao)等專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)意見，制定(ding)印發(fa)《意見》，著力解決危險(xian)化學品(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)基礎性(xing)(xing)、源頭性(xing)(xing)、瓶頸性(xing)(xing)問題，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面提升安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)發(fa)展水平，推動安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)形(xing)勢持續穩(wen)定(ding)好轉，為經濟(ji)社會(hui)發(fa)展營造安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)穩(wen)定(ding)環(huan)境，讓人民(min)群眾有更(geng)多的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)感、幸福(fu)感。

二(er)、如(ru)何從(cong)源頭上防(fang)范化解危險(xian)化學品系(xi)統性安全風險(xian)？

答：近年(nian)來發(fa)生的(de)一些(xie)危險(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學品重特大事(shi)故(gu)暴(bao)露出(chu)有(you)的(de)地區(qu)(qu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)和(he)危險(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學品建(jian)設(she)項目(mu)缺乏規劃(hua)布局、項目(mu)審(shen)批把關不嚴(yan)、標(biao)準(zhun)條件不高、安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)風(feng)險(xian)分(fen)析評估和(he)管控措施(shi)(shi)不力(li)等(deng)問題(ti)，在源(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)上(shang)埋下了(le)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)隱患(huan)，必須強化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)源(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)治理(li)，從(cong)根本上(shang)防范(fan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)解危險(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學品系統(tong)性安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)風(feng)險(xian)。對(dui)此，《意見》提出(chu)了(le)四個(ge)方面舉(ju)措。一是嚴(yan)格安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)準(zhun)入(ru)。明確(que)各地區(qu)(qu)要(yao)堅持(chi)有(you)所(suo)為、有(you)所(suo)不為，確(que)定(ding)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)業發(fa)展定(ding)位，建(jian)立發(fa)展改革、工(gong)(gong)業和(he)信息(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、自(zi)然資源(yuan)(yuan)、生態環境(jing)、住房城鄉建(jian)設(she)和(he)應急管理(li)等(deng)部門參與的(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)業發(fa)展規劃(hua)編(bian)制(zhi)協(xie)調溝通機制(zhi)。新(xin)建(jian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)由省級政府(fu)組織(zhi)開展安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)風(feng)險(xian)評估、論證，并完善(shan)和(he)落實管控措施(shi)(shi)，涉及“兩重點(dian)一(yi)重大(da)”（重點(dian)監管(guan)(guan)的(de)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、重點(dian)監管(guan)(guan)的(de)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品和(he)(he)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品重大(da)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)源）的(de)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品建設(she)(she)(she)項目(mu)由(you)設(she)(she)(she)區(qu)的(de)市級(ji)以(yi)上(shang)政(zheng)府(fu)相(xiang)關部門(men)聯合(he)(he)(he)建立安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)防(fang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)制。建設(she)(she)(she)內有(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)的(de)高(gao)新技術(shu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開發(fa)區(qu)、經濟技術(shu)開發(fa)區(qu)或獨立設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)，有(you)(you)關部門(men)應依據上(shang)下游產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈完(wan)(wan)備(bei)性、人才基礎和(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)能力等(deng)因素，完(wan)(wan)善(shan)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)防(fang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)措施。完(wan)(wan)善(shan)并嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品鑒定(ding)(ding)評估(gu)與登記有(you)(you)關規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，科學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)準(zhun)(zhun)確鑒定(ding)(ding)評估(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品的(de)物理(li)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)性、毒性，嚴(yan)(yan)禁未落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)防(fang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)措施投入生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。二是(shi)(shi)嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)規(gui)范(fan)。制定(ding)(ding)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)建設(she)(she)(she)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、認(ren)定(ding)(ding)條件和(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)辦法。整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、石化(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)制藥等(deng)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，解決(jue)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)不一(yi)致問題，建立健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)體系。完(wan)(wan)善(shan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)涉及(ji)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)驗收標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。提高(gao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)涉及(ji)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)、制造和(he)(he)維護(hu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。加快制定(ding)(ding)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)導則和(he)(he)精(jing)(jing)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)反應安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)評估(gu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)等(deng)技術(shu)規(gui)范(fan)。鼓勵先(xian)進(jin)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)國(guo)際(ji)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)和(he)(he)國(guo)外先(xian)進(jin)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，制定(ding)(ding)嚴(yan)(yan)于(yu)國(guo)家(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)或行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。三是(shi)(shi)推進(jin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)構調(diao)整(zheng)。嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)家(jia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)構調(diao)整(zheng)指導目(mu)錄，及(ji)時修訂公布淘(tao)汰落(luo)(luo)后安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)目(mu)錄，各地(di)區(qu)結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)制定(ding)(ding)修訂并嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品“禁限控(kong)(kong)(kong)”目(mu)錄，結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)深化(hua)(hua)(hua)供給側(ce)結(jie)構性改革(ge)，依法淘(tao)汰不符合(he)(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)國(guo)家(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)條件的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能，有(you)(you)效(xiao)防(fang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。堅持全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)“一(yi)盤(pan)棋”，嚴(yan)(yan)禁已(yi)淘(tao)汰落(luo)(luo)后產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能異(yi)地(di)落(luo)(luo)戶、辦廠進(jin)園(yuan)(yuan)，對違規(gui)批建、接收者依法依規(gui)追(zhui)究(jiu)責任。四是(shi)(shi)深入開展(zhan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)排(pai)(pai)查(cha)(cha)。按(an)照《化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)排(pai)(pai)查(cha)(cha)治(zhi)理(li)導則（試行(xing)(xing)）》和(he)(he)《危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)隱患排(pai)(pai)查(cha)(cha)治(zhi)理(li)導則》等(deng)相(xiang)關制度規(gui)范(fan)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面開展(zhan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)排(pai)(pai)查(cha)(cha)和(he)(he)隱患治(zhi)理(li)。嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)方黨委和(he)(he)政(zheng)府(fu)領導責任，結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)排(pai)(pai)查(cha)(cha)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，對危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)或化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)集中區(qu)組織實(shi)(shi)(shi)施精(jing)(jing)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)排(pai)(pai)查(cha)(cha)評估(gu)，分類建立完(wan)(wan)善(shan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)數據庫和(he)(he)信息(xi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)系統(tong)，區(qu)分“紅、橙、黃、藍”四級(ji)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，突出一(yi)、二級(ji)重大(da)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)源和(he)(he)有(you)(you)毒有(you)(you)害、易燃易爆化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，按(an)照“一(yi)企一(yi)策”“一(yi)園(yuan)(yuan)一(yi)策”原(yuan)則，實(shi)(shi)(shi)施最嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)的(de)治(zhi)理(li)整(zheng)頓。制定(ding)(ding)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施方案，深入組織開展(zhan)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)三年提升行(xing)(xing)動。

三、在強化落實危險化學品企業主體責(ze)任(ren)方(fang)面有哪些(xie)有力舉措(cuo)？

答：企(qi)業(ye)(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)主(zhu)體(ti)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任不落實(shi)(shi)是導致危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)事故的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原因。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面提(ti)升危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)工(gong)作(zuo)水(shui)平(ping)，必須(xu)(xu)扭住企(qi)業(ye)(ye)這個責(ze)(ze)(ze)任主(zhu)體(ti)，強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任落實(shi)(shi)。一是強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)法(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。積極研究(jiu)修改(gai)刑法(fa)(fa)(fa)相關(guan)(guan)條(tiao)款，嚴(yan)格(ge)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任追究(jiu)。推進(jin)(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)定危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)貨物運輸(shu)相關(guan)(guan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律，修改(gai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)、安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)許(xu)可證條(tiao)例等(deng)(deng)，強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)法(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)力(li)度(du)。嚴(yan)格(ge)執(zhi)(zhi)行執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)公(gong)示制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)、執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)和(he)重(zhong)大(da)(da)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)決(jue)定法(fa)(fa)(fa)制(zhi)(zhi)審核制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)行政處罰自(zi)由裁(cai)量(liang)標(biao)準，強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)精(jing)準嚴(yan)格(ge)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。落實(shi)(shi)職工(gong)及家屬和(he)社會公(gong)眾對(dui)(dui)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)隱(yin)(yin)患舉報(bao)獎勵(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)嚴(yan)格(ge)查(cha)處舉報(bao)案件。二是加大(da)(da)失信(xin)(xin)約束力(li)度(du)。危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)貯存企(qi)業(ye)(ye)主(zhu)要(yao)負責(ze)(ze)(ze)人(ren)（法(fa)(fa)(fa)定代表(biao)人(ren)）必須(xu)(xu)認真履(lv)責(ze)(ze)(ze)，并作(zuo)出安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)承諾；對(dui)(dui)因未履(lv)行安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)職責(ze)(ze)(ze)受刑事處罰或撤(che)職處分(fen)的(de)，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)對(dui)(dui)其(qi)(qi)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)職業(ye)(ye)禁(jin)入(ru)；企(qi)業(ye)(ye)管理(li)(li)和(he)技術團(tuan)隊必須(xu)(xu)具備(bei)(bei)相應的(de)履(lv)職能力(li)，做(zuo)到(dao)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任到(dao)人(ren)、工(gong)作(zuo)到(dao)位(wei)，對(dui)(dui)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)隱(yin)(yin)患排查(cha)治(zhi)理(li)(li)不力(li)、風險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)防控措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)不落實(shi)(shi)的(de)，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)依(yi)規(gui)追究(jiu)相關(guan)(guan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任人(ren)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任。對(dui)(dui)存在(zai)以隱(yin)(yin)蔽(bi)、欺騙或阻礙(ai)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)式逃避(bi)、對(dui)(dui)抗安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)監(jian)管和(he)環境保護監(jian)管，違章指揮、違章作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)重(zhong)大(da)(da)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)隱(yin)(yin)患，違規(gui)更改(gai)工(gong)藝流程(cheng)，破壞(huai)監(jian)測監(jian)控設施(shi)(shi)(shi)，夾帶、謊報(bao)、瞞報(bao)、匿報(bao)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)物品(pin)等(deng)(deng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)危(wei)害(hai)人(ren)民(min)群眾生(sheng)(sheng)命財產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)主(zhu)觀故意(yi)行為的(de)單位(wei)及主(zhu)要(yao)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任人(ren)，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)依(yi)規(gui)將其(qi)(qi)納(na)入(ru)信(xin)(xin)用(yong)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)，加強(qiang)(qiang)失信(xin)(xin)懲戒，從嚴(yan)監(jian)管。三是強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)激勵(li)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面推進(jin)(jin)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)標(biao)準化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建設，對(dui)(dui)一、二級(ji)標(biao)準化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)擴產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)擴能、進(jin)(jin)區入(ru)園等(deng)(deng)，在(zai)同等(deng)(deng)條(tiao)件下分(fen)別給予優先考慮并減少檢查(cha)頻次(ci)。對(dui)(dui)國家鼓勵(li)發(fa)展的(de)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)項目，在(zai)投資(zi)總額內進(jin)(jin)口的(de)自(zi)用(yong)先進(jin)(jin)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)品(pin)檢測檢驗設備(bei)(bei)按照現行政策規(gui)定免(mian)征進(jin)(jin)口關(guan)(guan)稅(shui)。落實(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)專(zhuan)用(yong)設備(bei)(bei)投資(zi)抵免(mian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)所得稅(shui)優惠(hui)。提(ti)高危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)貯存企(qi)業(ye)(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)費用(yong)提(ti)取標(biao)準。推動(dong)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)建立安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)內審機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)承諾制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，完(wan)善風險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)分(fen)級(ji)管控和(he)隱(yin)(yin)患排查(cha)治(zhi)理(li)(li)預防機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，并納(na)入(ru)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)標(biao)準化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)(deng)級(ji)評審條(tiao)件。

四、危險廢(fei)物監管失控是(shi)導致江蘇響水“3?21”事故的重要原因之一，《意見》對此提出哪些針對性措施？

答：江蘇響水“3?21”事(shi)故暴(bao)露(lu)出(chu)涉事(shi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)違(wei)法違(wei)規貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)和處置(zhi)(zhi)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、有(you)關部(bu)(bu)門監管(guan)缺位等(deng)問題，也(ye)反映出(chu)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)安全(quan)技術標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)缺乏、危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)處置(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)規劃布點少、處置(zhi)(zhi)能力(li)不足(zu)等(deng)深層次原因。對(dui)此，《意(yi)見》提出(chu)三項措施(shi)(shi)：一是明確生態環(huan)境部(bu)(bu)和應急(ji)管(guan)理部(bu)(bu)牽頭(tou)，有(you)關部(bu)(bu)門參加全(quan)面開(kai)展廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)棄危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)化(hua)學(xue)品等(deng)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)（以下簡稱危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)）排(pai)查，對(dui)屬性不明的固體廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)行鑒(jian)別(bie)鑒(jian)定(ding)，重點整(zheng)治化(hua)工(gong)園區(qu)、化(hua)工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)、危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)化(hua)學(xue)品單位等(deng)可(ke)能存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在的違(wei)規堆存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、隨意(yi)傾倒、私自填埋危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)問題，確保(bao)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、運輸(shu)、處置(zhi)(zhi)安全(quan)。二是明確生態環(huan)境部(bu)(bu)門依法對(dui)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的收集(ji)、貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、處置(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)進(jin)行監督(du)(du)(du)管(guan)理。三是加快(kuai)制(zhi)定(ding)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)安全(quan)技術標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。建(jian)立完善(shan)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)由產生到(dao)處置(zhi)(zhi)各(ge)環(huan)節聯(lian)單制(zhi)度(du)(du)。建(jian)立部(bu)(bu)門聯(lian)動、區(qu)域(yu)協(xie)作(zuo)、重大案件會(hui)商督(du)(du)(du)辦制(zhi)度(du)(du)，形成覆蓋危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產生、收集(ji)、貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、轉(zhuan)移、運輸(shu)、利用(yong)、處置(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)全(quan)過程的監管(guan)體系，加大打(da)擊故意(yi)隱瞞、偷放偷排(pai)或(huo)違(wei)法違(wei)規處置(zhi)(zhi)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)違(wei)法犯罪(zui)行為力(li)度(du)(du)。加快(kuai)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)綜合處置(zhi)(zhi)技術裝備研發，合理規劃布點處置(zhi)(zhi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，加快(kuai)處置(zhi)(zhi)設(she)施(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)，消除(chu)處置(zhi)(zhi)能力(li)瓶(ping)頸(jing)。督(du)(du)(du)促企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)對(dui)重點環(huan)保(bao)設(she)施(shi)(shi)和項目組(zu)織安全(quan)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)評估論證和隱患排(pai)查治理。

五、在強化(hua)危(wei)險化(hua)學品安全基礎(chu)保(bao)障(zhang)方面(mian)提出哪些措施？

答：我(wo)國化(hua)工(gong)行業發展粗(cu)放、基礎薄弱，中(zhong)小化(hua)工(gong)企業占80%以上(shang)(shang)，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)才嚴重(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)足，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制人(ren)和主要負(fu)責(ze)人(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)背(bei)景(jing)(jing)的(de)只有30%左(zuo)右(you)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)員(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)背(bei)景(jing)(jing)的(de)不(bu)到(dao)50%，同(tong)時，大多數中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)改造資(zi)(zi)金不(bu)足，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保(bao)障(zhang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)差(cha)，本質安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水平不(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)等。對此，《意見》提(ti)(ti)(ti)出四方面措施：一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)科(ke)技(ji)與(yu)(yu)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)水平。強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)研(yan)究支撐(cheng)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)相(xiang)關(guan)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)科(ke)技(ji)創新平臺建(jian)(jian)設(she)，開(kai)展(zhan)基礎性(xing)、前(qian)瞻(zhan)性(xing)研(yan)究。研(yan)究建(jian)(jian)立(li)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)命(ming)周(zhou)期信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)系(xi)統(tong)，綜合(he)利(li)用(yong)電子標簽、大數據、人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)等高(gao)(gao)(gao)新技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，對生(sheng)產、貯存、運輸、使(shi)用(yong)、經營、廢棄處(chu)置等各(ge)環(huan)節進(jin)行全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)和監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)來(lai)源(yuan)可循、去向可溯、狀態可控(kong)(kong)(kong)，做到(dao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、監(jian)管(guan)(guan)部(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)、執(zhi)法部(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)及應急(ji)(ji)(ji)救(jiu)(jiu)援部(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)之間互聯(lian)互通(tong)。將(jiang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產行政處(chu)罰信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)納(na)入監(jian)管(guan)(guan)執(zhi)法信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)系(xi)統(tong)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)共(gong)享，取代層(ceng)層(ceng)備案(an)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝本質安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、大型(xing)儲罐安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保(bao)障(zhang)、化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)環(huan)保(bao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)防控(kong)(kong)(kong)等技(ji)術(shu)(shu)及裝備研(yan)發。推(tui)進(jin)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)平臺建(jian)(jian)設(she)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現對園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)場(chang)所(suo)、重(zhong)(zhong)大危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)源(yuan)、基礎設(she)施實(shi)(shi)(shi)時風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)預(yu)警(jing)。加(jia)(jia)快建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)應急(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)與(yu)(yu)轄區(qu)(qu)(qu)內化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)和危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)聯(lian)網的(de)遠(yuan)程(cheng)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)。二是(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)才培養(yang)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)施安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)提(ti)(ti)(ti)升行動計(ji)劃，將(jiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)作為高(gao)(gao)(gao)危(wei)(wei)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領域(yu)(yu)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)提(ti)(ti)(ti)升行動的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)群(qun)體。危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)主要負(fu)責(ze)人(ren)、分(fen)管(guan)(guan)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產負(fu)責(ze)人(ren)必須(xu)具(ju)有化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)及以上(shang)(shang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)歷和一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐經驗，專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)職安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人(ren)員(yuan)至(zhi)少要具(ju)備中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)級(ji)及以上(shang)(shang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)職稱或(huo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)類(lei)(lei)注冊(ce)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師資(zi)(zi)格，新招一(yi)(yi)(yi)線崗位從業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)必須(xu)具(ju)有化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教(jiao)育背(bei)景(jing)(jing)或(huo)普(pu)通(tong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)及以上(shang)(shang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)歷并(bing)接受(shou)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)培訓，經考核(he)合(he)格后(hou)方能(neng)(neng)(neng)上(shang)(shang)崗。企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通(tong)過(guo)內部(bu)(bu)培養(yang)或(huo)外部(bu)(bu)聘用(yong)形式建(jian)(jian)立(li)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)團(tuan)隊。化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)扶(fu)持建(jian)(jian)設(she)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)相(xiang)關(guan)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)院(yuan)校(xiao)（含技(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)院(yuan)校(xiao)），依托重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)或(huo)第(di)三方專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)構建(jian)(jian)立(li)實(shi)(shi)(shi)習實(shi)(shi)(shi)訓基地(di)。把化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)知識納(na)入相(xiang)關(guan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)校(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)與(yu)(yu)制藥類(lei)(lei)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)核(he)心(xin)課程(cheng)體系(xi)。三是(shi)(shi)規范技(ji)術(shu)(shu)服(fu)(fu)務協作機(ji)制。加(jia)(jia)快培育一(yi)(yi)(yi)批專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)強(qiang)、社會信(xin)(xin)(xin)譽好的(de)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)服(fu)(fu)務龍頭企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，引(yin)入市(shi)場(chang)機(ji)制，對涉及危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)(ti)(ti)供管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)和技(ji)術(shu)(shu)服(fu)(fu)務。建(jian)(jian)立(li)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)服(fu)(fu)務規范，分(fen)級(ji)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)開(kai)展(zhan)精準指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)幫扶(fu)。安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產責(ze)任(ren)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)覆蓋所(suo)有危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。對安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)評(ping)價(jia)、檢測(ce)檢驗等中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)介機(ji)構和環(huan)境評(ping)價(jia)文(wen)件編(bian)制單(dan)位出具(ju)虛(xu)假報告和證(zheng)明(ming)的(de)，依法依規吊(diao)銷相(xiang)關(guan)資(zi)(zi)質或(huo)資(zi)(zi)格；構成(cheng)犯罪的(de)，依法追究刑事責(ze)任(ren)。四是(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)救(jiu)(jiu)援隊伍建(jian)(jian)設(she)。統(tong)籌國(guo)家(jia)(jia)綜合(he)性(xing)消(xiao)防救(jiu)(jiu)援力(li)量、危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)救(jiu)(jiu)援力(li)量，合(he)理(li)(li)規劃布局(ju)建(jian)(jian)設(she)立(li)足化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、輻射周(zhou)邊、覆蓋主要貯存區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)的(de)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)應急(ji)(ji)(ji)救(jiu)(jiu)援基地(di)。強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)長江(jiang)干線危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)應急(ji)(ji)(ji)處(chu)置能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)應急(ji)(ji)(ji)救(jiu)(jiu)援裝備配備，健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)應急(ji)(ji)(ji)救(jiu)(jiu)援預(yu)案(an)，開(kai)展(zhan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)訓演練，提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)協同(tong)救(jiu)(jiu)援能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。推(tui)進(jin)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)(pin)(pin)事故應急(ji)(ji)(ji)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南，指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)應急(ji)(ji)(ji)處(chu)置能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。

六、危險化學品安全(quan)涉及(ji)鏈條(tiao)長、環節多，各(ge)有關(guan)部門(men)如(ru)何(he)按照“三個必須”要求做好監督管理工作？

答：化(hua)(hua)工(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)作為(wei)國民經(jing)濟最(zui)基本的生產(chan)(chan)(chan)生活資料，按照生命周期劃為(wei)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)、儲(chu)存、使用(yong)、經(jing)營（購銷）、運輸(shu)、廢(fei)棄處置等(deng)多(duo)(duo)個(ge)環節，廣泛(fan)分布應(ying)用(yong)于化(hua)(hua)學化(hua)(hua)工(gong)、醫藥、采礦、能源、運輸(shu)、倉(cang)儲(chu)、建筑、農業(ye)、輕工(gong)、日化(hua)(hua)、食品(pin)、衛(wei)生、科研、教育等(deng)諸多(duo)(duo)行業(ye)領(ling)域。

要按照“管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)行(xing)業必須管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)安(an)(an)(an)全、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)業務(wu)必須管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)安(an)(an)(an)全、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生(sheng)產經(jing)營必須管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)安(an)(an)(an)全”原則(ze)，嚴格落(luo)(luo)實(shi)相(xiang)關部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)品各環(huan)(huan)(huan)節安(an)(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任，實(shi)施全主體(ti)、全品種(zhong)、全鏈條安(an)(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任落(luo)(luo)實(shi)。《安(an)(an)(an)全生(sheng)產法(fa)(fa)》賦予了所有(you)負(fu)有(you)安(an)(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)職責(ze)(ze)(ze)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)行(xing)政執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)權，各有(you)關部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)要堅決(jue)按(an)照“三個必須”和(he)“誰(shui)(shui)主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)誰(shui)(shui)負(fu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)”的(de)原則(ze)，承擔(dan)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)品安(an)(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任。要將《意見(jian)》提出的(de)措施任務(wu)分(fen)解(jie)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，建(jian)立責(ze)(ze)(ze)任清單(dan)(dan)，明確時間(jian)表和(he)路線圖，加快制(zhi)(zhi)定配(pei)套制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)措施辦法(fa)(fa)。二是(shi)(shi)完善監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。按(an)照《危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)品安(an)(an)(an)全管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)條例》的(de)規定，應急(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、交通運(yun)輸(shu)、公安(an)(an)(an)、鐵路、民航、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)等部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)分(fen)別承擔(dan)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)品生(sheng)產、貯存、使用、經(jing)營、運(yun)輸(shu)、處置等環(huan)(huan)(huan)節的(de)相(xiang)關安(an)(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任。在相(xiang)關安(an)(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)職責(ze)(ze)(ze)未明確部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)的(de)情況(kuang)下，應急(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)承擔(dan)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)品安(an)(an)(an)全綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)兜(dou)底責(ze)(ze)(ze)任。生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)依法(fa)(fa)對危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廢物(wu)的(de)收集、貯存、處置等進(jin)行(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。應急(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)他有(you)關部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)建(jian)立監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)協(xie)作(zuo)和(he)聯合(he)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)工作(zuo)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，密切協(xie)調配(pei)合(he)，實(shi)現信(xin)息及(ji)(ji)時、充(chong)分(fen)、有(you)效共享，形成工作(zuo)合(he)力(li)，共同(tong)做好危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)品安(an)(an)(an)全監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)各項工作(zuo)。三是(shi)(shi)健全執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)體(ti)系。省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)應急(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)原則(ze)上不設(she)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)隊(dui)伍，由內(nei)設(she)機(ji)構承擔(dan)安(an)(an)(an)全生(sheng)產監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任，市、縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)應急(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)一(yi)般實(shi)行(xing)“局隊(dui)合(he)一(yi)”體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)。危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)品重點縣(xian)（市、區、旗）、危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)品貯存量大(da)的(de)港區，以(yi)及(ji)(ji)各類(lei)開(kai)發區特(te)別是(shi)(shi)內(nei)設(she)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工園區的(de)開(kai)發區，應強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)品安(an)(an)(an)全生(sheng)產監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)職責(ze)(ze)(ze)，落(luo)(luo)實(shi)落(luo)(luo)細監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任，配(pei)齊(qi)配(pei)強(qiang)(qiang)專(zhuan)業執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)力(li)量。四是(shi)(shi)提升監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)效能(neng)。深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)“放管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)服”改革，加強(qiang)(qiang)和(he)規范(fan)事中事后監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，在對涉(she)及(ji)(ji)危險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)品企(qi)(qi)業進(jin)行(xing)全覆蓋(gai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)基礎上，實(shi)施分(fen)級(ji)(ji)分(fen)類(lei)動態(tai)(tai)嚴格監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，運(yun)用“兩隨(sui)機(ji)一(yi)公開(kai)”進(jin)行(xing)重點抽查、突擊檢查。嚴厲(li)打擊非法(fa)(fa)建(jian)設(she)生(sheng)產經(jing)營行(xing)為。省(sheng)、市、縣(xian)級(ji)(ji)應急(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)對同(tong)一(yi)企(qi)(qi)業確定一(yi)個執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)主體(ti)，避(bi)免多層多頭重復執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)。加強(qiang)(qiang)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)，既嚴格執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)，又避(bi)免簡單(dan)(dan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、“一(yi)刀切”。大(da)力(li)推行(xing)“互聯網+監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”、“執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)+專(zhuan)家”模式(shi)，及(ji)(ji)時發現風險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)隱(yin)患，及(ji)(ji)早(zao)預(yu)警防范(fan)。

七、如(ru)何(he)抓(zhua)好《意見(jian)》的貫徹落實工(gong)作。

答：“一分(fen)(fen)(fen)部(bu)署、九分(fen)(fen)(fen)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)”。《意(yi)見(jian)(jian)》是(shi)黨(dang)中央、國(guo)務(wu)院加(jia)(jia)快推(tui)(tui)進(jin)實(shi)(shi)現危(wei)險(xian)(xian)化(hua)學品安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產治理體系(xi)和(he)(he)治理能力現代化(hua)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)舉措，如何把中央的(de)(de)決策部(bu)署落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)到(dao)每(mei)個(ge)(ge)地(di)區、每(mei)個(ge)(ge)部(bu)門(men)、每(mei)個(ge)(ge)企業是(shi)當(dang)務(wu)之(zhi)急。一是(shi)深入(ru)開展(zhan)(zhan)宣(xuan)貫工(gong)作。充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)發揮(hui)主流媒體和(he)(he)新媒體宣(xuan)傳作用，加(jia)(jia)大(da)《意(yi)見(jian)(jian)》宣(xuan)貫解讀(du)的(de)(de)傳播(bo)力度和(he)(he)覆蓋面，圍(wei)繞(rao)事故警示、安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)科普(pu)、安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求多角度策劃選題(ti)(ti)，使化(hua)工(gong)和(he)(he)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)化(hua)學品企業負(fu)責(ze)人、從業人員和(he)(he)廣大(da)群(qun)眾關(guan)心關(guan)注安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)。二是(shi)研究制定實(shi)(shi)施(shi)細(xi)則。我國(guo)幅員遼闊，地(di)區間(jian)差(cha)異較大(da)，各地(di)區應結合自身實(shi)(shi)際，按(an)照發展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)劃、社會經濟發展(zhan)(zhan)水(shui)平、風(feng)險(xian)(xian)防(fang)控能力等(deng)制定實(shi)(shi)施(shi)細(xi)則，既保證中央的(de)(de)決策部(bu)署落(luo)(luo)細(xi)落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)，又針對本(ben)地(di)區的(de)(de)突出矛盾和(he)(he)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)問題(ti)(ti)拿(na)出實(shi)(shi)招(zhao)硬(ying)招(zhao)。三是(shi)強(qiang)化(hua)督(du)查(cha)考核，推(tui)(tui)動落(luo)(luo)地(di)見(jian)(jian)效。各地(di)區、各有關(guan)部(bu)門(men)要(yao)(yao)(yao)將(jiang)貫徹落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)《意(yi)見(jian)(jian)》作為督(du)查(cha)督(du)辦的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)事項，對工(gong)作不(bu)力、落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)不(bu)到(dao)位的(de)(de)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)通報批評、嚴肅(su)問責(ze)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)將(jiang)《意(yi)見(jian)(jian)》重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)內容納入(ru)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產巡(xun)查(cha)、考核，作為檢驗(yan)各地(di)區、各有關(guan)部(bu)門(men)和(he)(he)各有關(guan)單(dan)位履行安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產責(ze)任制的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)依據(ju)。

應急管理部網站

2020年2月(yue)27日